Automated section for milling soil in near-trunk zones of orchard

Dmitriy Khort,Igor Smirnov,Alexey Kutyrev,Stepan Semichev,Rostislav Filippov,J. Smyatskaya

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202016101068

Dmitriy Khort, Igor Smirnov + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016101068

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Abstract

Machines used in gardens do not fully comply with the quality indicators of tillage, especially in the near-trunk zones of fruit trees. Theoretical analysis made it possible to establish that the preferred protective distance in the aisle of the garden should be at least 0.20 m in each direction, and in the inter-barrel space of the boles along a row of 0.38 m and to establish the optimal width of the extension section of 0.55 m. As a result of the research, an original design of the deflectable milling section of the garden milling cutter with an autonomous hydraulic system was proposed and developed, as working bodies knives with special sharpening are used. The tracking system of the remote section is equipped with a double remote probe, when exposed to which the section is retracted to the required distance to protect the trunk of a tree. The use of a deflectable milling section of a garden milling cutter allows to increase the accuracy and quality indicators of processing in the near-trunk zones of garden plantings, while the density of the soil decreases on average by 24%.

Highlights

In the near-stem areas of fruit trees of intensive gardens, up to 90% of the entire root system is located
In the process of soil cultivation, between the rows of fruit orchards there is an untreated plow zone with a width of 30-60 cm, which is due to the special working conditions of the tillage machine in orchards, where the movement of the tractor in the immediate vicinity in a row of trees is impossible because of their crown
Tillage machines used in horticultural farms do not meet the required indicators for the quality of the technological process of tillage in the ranks of perennial plantations, this leads to a decrease in the yield of fruit and berry crops and an increase in the spread of weeds

Summary

Introduction

In the near-stem areas of fruit trees of intensive gardens, up to 90% of the entire root system is located. The near-stem zones are the most difficult to process and require the use of specialized machines, especially in intensive plantings [1,2,3]. The proposed assortment of chemical means of weed control does not fully meet the stringent requirements for the maintenance of near trunk zones and inter-trunk strips of orchards. To solve this problem, a deflectable milling section of a universal garden milling cutter for processing trunks with a bypass of fruit tree trunks was developed, which performs soil cultivation in accordance with all modern requirements for this technological operation with high-quality crumbling of soil in the inter-tree stripes of garden plantings

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