Abstract
Current methods of in-house plant phenotyping are providing a powerful new tool for plant biology studies. The self-constructed and commercial platforms established in the last few years, employ non-destructive methods and measurements on a large and high-throughput scale. The platforms offer to certain extent, automated measurements, using either simple single sensor analysis, or advanced integrative simultaneous analysis by multiple sensors. However, due to the complexity of the approaches used, it is not always clear what such forms of plant phenotyping can offer the potential end-user, i.e. plant biologist. This review focuses on imaging methods used in the phenotyping of plant shoots including a brief survey of the sensors used. To open up this topic to a broader audience, we provide here a simple introduction to the principles of automated non-destructive analysis, namely RGB, chlorophyll fluorescence, thermal and hyperspectral imaging. We further on present an overview on how and to which extent, the automated integrative in-house phenotyping platforms have been used recently to study the responses of plants to various changing environments.
Highlights
A large number of reviews have been published on the advantages and possibilities of high-throughput plant phenotyping approaches [1,2,3,4,5]
The potential users of such facilities, mostly biologists, are often not very familiar with the applied physical methods used in integrative plant phenotyping. In this mini-review, we present a simple introduction to the basis of various non-invasive sensors used in highthroughput phenotyping platforms, namely visible redgreen-blue (RGB) imaging, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (CFIM), thermoimaging, and hyperspectral imaging
The multiple-sensor approach was described earlier in beans by Chaerle et al, who used RGB imaging, thermoimaging and Two-level chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (TLCFIM) to evaluate the phenotypes related to magnesium deficiency and biotic stress [81]
Summary
A large number of reviews have been published on the advantages and possibilities of high-throughput plant phenotyping approaches [1,2,3,4,5]. Non-invasive techniques of shoot growth determination have proven very reliable, and high correlations between the digital area and the shoot fresh, or dry weights, respectively, Figure 2 The illustrative figure presenting outcome of simultaneous analysis of control and salt-stressed Arabidopsis plants, using RGB, hyperspectral and Chl fluorescence imaging. These studies represent an important contribution to the development of automated phenotyping, the design of the platform for top-view experiments has limited their use to analyses of plants with leaf rosette.
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