Automated hybrid solar and mains system for peak time power demand

Abstract

A solar system using PV arrays to convert solar radiation into direct current was a preferred renewable energy source compared to others. Fluctuations in a commercial grid power supply depended greatly on peak power demand load. It was, therefore, more convincing to utilise a PV array system to meet peak time demand. In this paper the design of a hybrid system using mains and a PV array to meet peak power demand is discussed; the system is completely automatic through design of an automatic source selector with a pre-scheduled panel cleaning system through use of a microcontroller. A LCD displays selection of source and provides for the overriding of automatic source selection; manual switching is included. During peak power demand, solar power and/or battery power would be used; at other times mains will be the power source. Moreover, emergency switching to solar or battery during mains failure was also provided. The MPPT design controlling a PWM signal for a boost converter to achieve maximum output is also discussed. The automated design makes it user-friendly. Although initial costs are high, this hybrid system could reduce the load on commercial grids during peak power demand.