Abstract
A system to take high-resolution Visible/Near Infra-Red (VIS/NIR) hyperspectral reflectance and fluorescence images in outdoor fields using ambient lighting or a pulsed laser (355 nm), respectively, for illumination purposes was designed, built, and tested. Components of the system include a semi-autonomous cart, a gated-intensified camera, a spectral adapter, a frequency-triple Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) laser, and optics to convert the Gaussian laser beam into a line-illumination source. The front wheels of the cart are independently powered by stepper motors that support stepping or continuous motion. When stepping, a spreadsheet is used to program parameters of image sets to be acquired at each step. For example, the spreadsheet can be used to set delays before the start of image acquisitions, acquisition times, and laser attenuation. One possible use of this functionality would be to establish acquisition parameters to facilitate the measurement of fluorescence decay-curve characteristics. The laser and camera are mounted on an aluminum plate that allows the optics to be calibrated in a laboratory setting and then moved to the cart. The system was validated by acquiring images of fluorescence responses of spinach leaves and dairy manure.
Highlights
Hyperspectral imaging has its origins in remote sensing [1] and has evolved into high-resolution imaging systems used in laboratory settings [2]
It was decided that the design constraints were overly restrictive and, if needed, sprocket configuration could be altered to allow the top speed to be doubled, which would double the distance moved in response to a single pulse
The validation of the system described represents the of solar lighting conditions
Summary
Hyperspectral imaging has its origins in remote sensing [1] and has evolved into high-resolution imaging systems used in laboratory settings [2]. The goal of the project was to transition laboratory instrumentation back to field use to allow the acquisition of high resolution hyperspectral fluorescence images irrespective of solar lighting conditions. Our laboratory developed laser-induced fluorescence imaging technologies that can be used to detect fecal materials [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The cart-mounted system described was developed to be able to detect fecal materials in produce fields using these technologies. Food-borne illness is an ever-present problem throughout the world. According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), food-borne illness is responsible for the hospitalization of
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