Abstract
Autoimmune regulator (Aire) mutations result in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), which manifests as multi-organ autoimmunity and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). Indendritic cells (DCs), pattern recognition receptors (PRR), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are closely involved in the recognition of various pathogens, activating the intercellular signaling pathway, followed by the activation of transcription factors and the expression of downstream genes, which take part in mediating the immune response and maintaining immune tolerance. In this study, we found that Aire up-regulated TLR3 expression and modulated the downstream cytokine expression and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) of the TLR3 signaling pathway.
Highlights
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are mainly expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), serve as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), recognize a wide range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from diverse pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi
Autoimmune regulator (Aire) is expressed at a low level in peripheral hematopoietic cells such as DCs
The proteins were detected with anti-TLR3, in stably-transfected DC2.4 cells were analyzed by Flow Cytometry (FCM)
Summary
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are mainly expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), serve as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), recognize a wide range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from diverse pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These receptors play a central role in the initiation of innate immune responses. Aire is mainlyantigens expressed in the medullary thymic epithelial cellsof(mTECs) It is repertoire (TRAs) and promoting the clonal deletion self-reactive essential to prevent autoimmune diseases by inducing the expression of a broad repertoire thymocytes [9].
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