Autoimmune Condition Diagnosis After Recurrent Pregnancy Loss [ID 2683458

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Research has suggested a link between recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and cell-mediated immunity dysregulation. We aim to determine whether a history of RPL is associated with development of cell-mediated autoimmune condition (AIC) diagnosis. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX network database. The RPL group had greater than or equal to three spontaneous abortions (SABs), whereas controls had at least one pregnancy but did not have the diagnosis of RPL (ICD-10 N96). The rate of new AIC diagnosis was measured from diagnosis of the third SAB or first pregnancy for the RPL and control groups, respectively. Propensity score matching was used for age, race, and ethnicity. Logistic regression analyses investigated the relationship between RPL and AIC diagnoses. RESULTS: 113,118 patients were included in each arm. Recurrent pregnancy loss was associated with an increased risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (relative risk [RR] 2.22; 95% CI, 1.88–2.63), rheumatoid arthritis (1.52 [1.30–1.78]), multiple sclerosis (1.57 [1.36–1.82]), Crohn’s disease (1.40 [1.12–1.74]), ulcerative colitis (1.42 [1.17–1.73]), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (1.74 [1.57–1.91]), Graves’ disease (1.61 [1.37–1.90]), and Sjogren syndrome (1.81 [1.53–2.15]), but not psoriatic arthritis. CONCLUSION: Patients with a history of RPL are at nearly double the risk for development of AIC when compared to those without a history of RPL.