Autogenous soft tissue grafting in aesthetic peri-implant surgical reconstruction

Abstract

Introduction. Autogenous soft tissue grafting in aesthetic peri-implant surgical reconstruction is an effective technique for augmenting the tissues surrounding dental implants, contributing to their longterm success. This method involves harvesting soft tissue from the patient and placing it around the implant to enhance peri-implant thickness, stability, and aesthetics. Objective of the study. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of autogenous soft tissue grafting in peri-implant augmentation compared to other techniques and identify the factors contributing to the procedure’s success. Material and methods. The analysis was based on scientific articles published in the last five years, selected from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and cohort studies comparing autogenous grafting with other methods were included. Studies with fewer than 10 patients were excluded. A total of 1,150 articles were identified, of which 20 were included in the analysis. Results. The reviewed studies demonstrated that autogenous grafting improves soft tissue thickness and reduces the incidence of gingival recession compared to other augmentation techniques. Most studies reported a significant increase in soft tissue stability following this procedure. Conclusions. Autogenous soft tissue grafting is a gold standard method for aesthetic peri-implant reconstruction, showing superior effectiveness in improving soft tissue stability and aesthetics. The success of the intervention depends on appropriate patient selection and the application of rigorous surgical techniques. The integration of adjunctive biological agents and minimally invasive techniques can further enhance the efficiency and predictability of long-term outcomes.