Autogenous Bone Ring Transplant vs Autologous Growth Factor-Enriched Bone Graft Matrix In Extraction Sockets With Deficient Buccal Bone: A Comparative Clinical Study.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of autogenous bone ring and autologous growth factor-enriched bone graft matrix as graft materials in extraction sockets. Subjects (n = 34) requiring extraction of a single incisor or premolar in a type II socket were segregated into two groups: BR and AFG. Autogenous bone ring transplant and autologous fibrin glue with particulate bone graft (sticky bone) was used in subjects under the BR and AFG groups, respectively, for socket augmentation. After 6 months, osteotomy preparation was carried out, and implants were placed in all subjects. The efficacies of both of the procedures were compared by assessing measures of bone density, buccal/lingual plate height, implant stability quotient (ISQ) readings, and mineralized tissue volumes. At 6 months, there was a highly significant gain (P ≤ .001) in the buccal (3.09 ± 1.6 mm vs 1.90 ± 0.94 mm) and lingual/palatal bone heights (3.31 ± 2.66 mm vs 1.99 ± 1.22 mm) and a significant difference in the bone density (659.6 ± 133.8 vs 552.1 ± 65.6; P = .016) in the BR group compared with the AFG group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups for ISQ values at the end of 6 months (61.60 ± 8.9 vs 45.02 ± 6.33; P = .034). Biopsy specimens from the BR group showed a highly significant increase (50.39% ± 11.96% vs 38.91% ± 12.22%; P ≤ .001) in the percentage of tissue mineralization over the AFG group. Autogenous bone ring procedure seemed to confer additional benefits over autologous growth factor-enriched bone graft when various parameters were compared. The sites augmented with autogenous bone ring at the end of the study period showed a sufficient gain in bone height and quality for implant placement.