Abstract
This article analyzes the self-concept and the protection factors associated to the alcohol and tobacco use in students of different universities of Lima. A not experimental design, of multivariante correlation type was used. The sample composed by 730 undergraduate female and male students, within the first and fifth year of studies, aged between 16 and 35 years. The instruments were the Self-Concept Scale of Garcia & Musitu (AF5), the Questionnaire of Protection factors and a Survey of information socio demographics data, which also includes questions about alcohol and tobacco use. The results indicate that the university students consumed tobacco and alcohol when they were 8 and 9 years old, presenting the highest prevalence rate between the age of 13 and 17 (71.2 %). The people who consumed it sometimes in their life, 46.2 consumed alcohol in the last month that the survey was applied and 30.8% consumes tobacco. Although it was found that 53.8% of the students presented a moderate self-concept, the fourth part of the sample showed a low level. Finally, the multiple regressions analysis allows to support that the self-concept is the factor of highest explanatory power for alcohol use (F=14.438, p < .013) and importance of the body and life in the tobacco use (F=8.494, p<.013), which means that if the positive self-concept goes up, the risk of consumption of alcohol goes down, and that if the importance of the body and life is higher, the possibility of consumption of tobacco is lower.
Highlights
This article analyzes the self-concept and the protection factors associated to the alcohol and tobacco use in students of different universities of Lima
The results indicate that the university students consumed tobacco and alcohol when they were 8 and 9 years old, presenting the highest prevalence rate between the age of 13 and 17 (71.2 %)
Variables (Constante) Autoconcepto Apoyo familiar Normas familiares y escolares Satisfacción familiar Apoyo social Valoración del cuerpo y la vida
Summary
Se analiza el autoconcepto y los factores de protección asociados al consumo de alcohol y tabaco en estudiantes de diferentes universidades de Lima. La muestra comprendió a 730 estudiantes de pregrado, del primero al quinto año de estudios, de ambos sexos, con edades entre los 16 y 35 años. La escala de autoconcepto de García y Musitu (AF5), Cuestionario de Factores de Protección y una Encuesta de datos sociodemográficos, que además integra preguntas acerca del consumo de alcohol – tabaco. Para quienes consumieron alguna vez en su vida, se encontró que 46.2% consumían alcohol en el último mes de aplicada la encuesta y 30.8%, consumían tabaco. Si bien se encontró que el 53.8% de los estudiantes presentaban un autoconcepto moderado, la cuarta parte de la muestra presentaba un nivel bajo. Palabras clave: Autoconcepto, factor de protección, prevalencia, consumo de alcohol y tabaco
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