Abstract
Quṭb al-Din Shīrāzī (1236-1311 AD), the Persian polymath had great contributions to the fields of philosophy, mathematics, medicine, astronomy, music, literature, and Islamic studies. He lived during the Ilkhanid kingdom in Iran. He wrote an autobiography in the preface of his medical manuscript, al-Tuḥfa al-Sa‘dīya. He discussed his views on science and then, he explained his life story, in particular his education and contribution to science. He mentioned the reasons that led him to write al-Tuḥfa al-Sa‘dīya, his main medical work. As a great polymath, he traveled to many countries, and his words cleared the scientific atmosphere of 14th century AD. Also, he directly introduced his teachers and their abilities and works. Furthermore, scientists who worked on the Canon of Medicine had commentaries on this book, which were comprehensively introduced in this autobiography.
Highlights
Persian medicine (PM), which is an old paradigm of medicine based on humoral theory, dates back to several thousand years ago[1,2]
In the early Islamic era (9-12th century AD, called Islamic Golden Age), Persian physicians flourished in medical sciences and formed a global paradigm of medicine based on four elements while their books, like Canon of Medicine written by Avicenna (980-1037AD), became the main medical textbooks in the western universities until 17th century AD3
It can be claimed that Quṭb al-Din was one of the pioneers in this subject in his autobiography and tried to discuss these social impacts and their relations to explain the scientific development of his era
Summary
Persian medicine (PM), which is an old paradigm of medicine based on humoral theory, dates back to several thousand years ago[1,2]. Were created and raised[7,8,9,10].Another main figure as physician and polymath in this era was Quṭb al-Din Shīrāzī ( known as ‘Allāma Shirāzi, al-Shāreḥ al-‘Allāma, and Mollā Qoṭb and nicknamed Abu’l-Ṯanā’)[11] He had an autobiography in one of his books, al-Tuḥfa al-Sa‘dīya. He had important works in the field of medical sciences like Resaleh fi Bayan al-Haja ela al-Teb va Adab al-Atebba va Vasayehom [a manuscript on medical ethics], and Resala fi al-Baras [treaties on Vitiligo]18,19 His great medical text isal-Tuḥfa al-Sa‘dīya, a commentary on the first volume of the Canon of Medicine (written by Avicenna in 1025AD)[20]. Quṭb al-Din wrote his autobiography in the preface to his manuscript, al-Tuḥfa al-Sa‘dīya(Fig. 3) He initially discusses the importance of knowledge and science. I decided to write a shorter and brief commentary on the whole parts of the Canon of Medicine...23.”
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