Auto-transition of vortex- to vector-Airy beams via liquid crystal q-Airy-plates.

Abstract

We propose the auto-transition of vortex-Airy to vector-Airy beams realized via a liquid crystal q-Airy-plate, whose director distribution is the integration of a q-plate and a polarization Airy mask. The polarization, phase, intensity distributions of the vortex-vector-Airy beams (VVABs) during the transition process and individual trajectories of the vortex beam, vector beam and Airy beam components are both theoretically and experimentally investigated. Interesting findings show that the pair of vortex components firstly experience transverse deflection with a smaller acceleration than the Airy components and then automatically evolve into a vector component propagating in a straight path. The polarization mode of the VVABs can be easily switched by tuning the incident polarization direction. Meanwhile, the Airy component still maintains its intrinsic self-accelerating and self-healing properties. The asymmetric intensity distribution and variation of VVABs are revealed, and the energy flows are simulated to better illustrate the interaction of the Airy, vortex and vector components. This work provides an approach for the manipulation of the spatially structured light beams, which may inspire their potential applications in optics, photonics and multidisciplinary fields.