Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators in post-transcriptional control of gene expression. Mutations that alter their activity or abundance have been implicated in numerous diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and various types of cancer. This highlights the importance of RBP proteostasis and the necessity to tightly control the expression levels and activities of RBPs. In many cases, RBPs engage in an auto-regulatory feedback by directly binding to and influencing the fate of their own mRNAs, exerting control over their own expression. For this feedback control, RBPs employ a variety of mechanisms operating at all levels of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Here we review RBP-mediated autogenous feedback regulation that either serves to maintain protein abundance within a physiological range (by negative feedback) or generates binary, genetic on/off switches important for e.g. cell fate decisions (by positive feedback).
Highlights
Post-transcriptional regulation (PTR) of gene expression plays an essential role in all eukaryotic cells
PTR is mostly governed by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that associate with cis-acting RNA elements to control all aspects of RNA metabolism from synthesis to decay
These studies demonstrated that RBPs are found among a broad spectrum of protein families involved in diverse biological processes, some of them even exhibiting enzymatic activities in cellular metabolism
Summary
Post-transcriptional regulation (PTR) of gene expression plays an essential role in all eukaryotic cells. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators in post-transcriptional control of gene expression.
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