Abstract
BackgroundInterventions designed to support children with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) can be time consuming, needing involvement of outside experts. Social Stories™ are a highly personalised intervention aiming to give children with ASC social information or describing an otherwise difficult situation or skill. This can be delivered daily by staff in education settings. Studies examining Social Story™ use have yielded mostly positive results but have largely been single case studies with a lack of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Despite this numerous schools are utilising Social Stories™, and a fully powered RCT is timely.MethodsA multi-site pragmatic cluster RCT comparing care as usual with Social Stories™ and care as usual. This study will recruit 278 participants (aged 4–11) with a clinical diagnosis of ASC, currently attending primary school in the North of England. Approximately 278 school based staff will be recruited to provide school based information about participating children with approximately 140 recruited to deliver the intervention. The study will be cluster randomised by school. Potential participants will be screened for eligibility prior to giving informed consent. Follow up data will be collected at 6 weeks and 6 months post randomisation and will assess changes in participants’ social responsiveness, goal based outcomes, social and emotional health. The primary outcome measure is the Social Responsiveness Scale Second Edition (SRS-2) completed by school based staff at 6 months. Approvals have been obtained from the University of York’s Research Governance Committee, Research Ethics Committee and the Health Research Authority. Study results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated to participating families, educational staff, local authority representatives, community groups and Patient and Participant Involvement representatives. Suggestions will be made to NICE about treatment evidence dependent on findings.DiscussionThis study addresses a much used but currently under researched intervention and results will inform school based support for primary school children with a diagnosis of ASC.Trial registrationThe trial is registered on the ISRCTN registry (registration number: ISRCTN11634810). The trial was retrospectively registered on 23rd April 2019.
Highlights
Interventions designed to support children with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) can be time consuming, needing involvement of outside experts
This study addresses a much used but currently under researched intervention and results will inform school based support for primary school children with a diagnosis of ASC
ASC is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that can impact upon a range of child and adult outcomes [3, 4]
Summary
Interventions designed to support children with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) can be time consuming, needing involvement of outside experts. Social StoriesTM are a highly personalised intervention aiming to give children with ASC social information or describing an otherwise difficult situation or skill. This can be delivered daily by staff in education settings. Studies examining Social StoryTM use have yielded mostly positive results but have largely been single case studies with a lack of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) Despite this numerous schools are utilising Social StoriesTM, and a fully powered RCT is timely. Children with ASC have a range of difficulties with social communication, sensory processing differences, and may have repetitive behaviours [5] and/or preoccupations [6]. Research shows that many people with ASC have additional care needs, both in the NHS and social care across childhood and adulthood [11, 12]
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