Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine in Capsicum chinense the 1) concentration of heavy metals (Al, As, Cd, Pb), majority (Ca, K, Mg, Na) and essential (Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn) mineral elements, 2) effects of ripening stage, harvest number and type of soil on the mineral content and 3) authenticity markers. Peppers grown in black and red soils of this Mayan region, were harvested in two ripening stages (ripe and ripening peppers [orange and green peppers, respectivily]) and in four post-transplant dates: I (132 post-transplant days, PTD), II (160PTD), III (209PTD) and IV (265PTD). These samples were analyzed by ICP-Spectroscopy. The ripening stage affected the Al, Cu and Zn contents in ripe peppers while As presented the highest content in ripening peppers. Harvests I y III presented the highest Al, Ca, K contents while harvests II y III presented the highest As and Pb contents. Nine and ten elements developed authenticity markers according to the maturation and harvest number, respectively. The results obtained will help the producers and industrialists to focused on the production and agronomic management of high quality habanero peppers.
Highlights
Chili peppers are considered an important ingredient for gastronomy worldwide due to its sensory properties that influence the acceptance by consumers (Guzmán & Bosland, 2017; SolleiroRebolledo & Mejía-Chávez, 2018)
Habanero pepper has the distinction of Denomination of Origin (DO) associated with a specific Official Mexican Standard (NOM-189-SCFI) (Mexico, 2017) where its characteristics are state
It is concluded that ripening and harvest factors had an influence on the content of mineral elements in habanero peppers; where ripening peppers had the highest concentrations of Al, Cu and Zn while Ar was presented with higher content in ripening peppers
Summary
Chili peppers are considered an important ingredient for gastronomy worldwide due to its sensory properties that influence the acceptance by consumers (Guzmán & Bosland, 2017; SolleiroRebolledo & Mejía-Chávez, 2018). Due to its economical and social importance, it is necessary to quantify the content of mineral multi-elements in habanero pepper to verify its safety and quality (Herman-Lara et al, 2019). In this sense, the habanero chili with DO is grown mainly in two types of soils in Yucatan, the Box lu’um (black soil) and K’áankab lu’um (red soil), these correspond to the mayan language names (Rodríguez Buenfil et al, 2020).
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