“Auteur” or Architectural Historian? Digitally Modeling the New York YMCA

Abstract

Traditionally the architectural historian studies buildings; she or he does not design them. In the history of modern architecture, the role of “auteur” is reserved for the designer and that of interpreter for the historian. With the introduction of sophisticated three‐dimensional modeling software in recent years, that distinction is not as clear as it once was. As a case study of the New York Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) building of 1869 suggests, historians can now “construct” a highly realistic model and render compelling representations themselves with only limited reliance on the architect’s personal vision. Using programs like Rhinoceros, developed by Robert McNeel and Associates, the historian can shape period photographs, fire‐insurance maps, and written descriptions into a fully dimensional and convincing digital building. This article explores how the new technology may be applied to historical analysis and questions its impact on the established practice of architectural reconstruction.