Abstract
Although most cases of non-native species introductions do not result in the final phases of the invasion process or in negative impacts, there are few reports of failure through their different stages, especially for unintentional introductions. However, unsuccessful invasion cases may help understand which factors are predominant during the invasion process. The golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei, is an invasive species in South America. Since its first record in Rio de la Plata watershed, it has spread and caused several ecological and economic impacts in different hydrographic basins. Based on larval sampling through conventional and molecular techniques and visual census by scuba diving, we report the absence of this invasive species after its occurrence recorded in 2003, at the Piraquara I reservoir, Upper Iguacu River basin, Brazil. It is the only potential record of juvenile individuals of this species in a reservoir environment without their population establishment and spreading. Understanding the causes of failures in the invasion process may be crucial to avoid their negative impacts. In this context, the accuracy of non-native species records in new environments is fundamental; recording invasion failure of non-native species may be as important as reporting new occurrences.Keywords: Bivalvia, alien species, ecosystem engineers, invasiveness, naturalization, propagule pressure.
Highlights
Embora a maioria dos casos de introdução de espécies não-nativas não resulte nas fases finais do processo de invasão ou em impactos negativos, há poucos relatos de insucesso em suas diferentes etapas, especialmente para introduções não intencionais
Com base em amostragens de larvas por meio de técnicas convencionais e moleculares e censo visual por mergulho autônomo, relatamos a ausência dessa espécie invasora após seu registro em 2003, no reservatório de Piraquara I, Bacia do Alto Rio Iguaçu, Brasil
Several mechanisms can operate at each stage of invasion process (Blackburn et al, 2011), populations can stagnate in a stage or even recede to earlier stages, until the point of local or regional extinction (Simberloff and Gibbons, 2004)
Summary
Embora a maioria dos casos de introdução de espécies não-nativas não resulte nas fases finais do processo de invasão ou em impactos negativos, há poucos relatos de insucesso em suas diferentes etapas, especialmente para introduções não intencionais. A precisão dos registros de espécies não nativas em novos ambientes é fundamental, e relatos de invasões malsucedidas de espécies não nativas podem ser tão importantes quanto o informe de novas ocorrências.
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