Abstract
Abstract Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was a Roman emperor (161–80 ce ) and Stoic philosopher who authored the Meditations between 170 and 180 ce . Marcus Aurelius is principally remembered for articulating late Stoical values through the lens of his own experience as a political leader. These values are best summarized as promoting the virtue of individual will within an otherwise deterministically structured universe. To Marcus Aurelius, man existed in a natural order wherein it was his own responsibility to find and embrace his place within it. Aurelius further claimed that good action was undertaken for its own sake. For Marcus Aurelius, as for other ethical thinkers in antiquity, happiness is indeed the goal of human life.
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