Abstract
Au metal nanoparticles as artificial nanozymes have attracted wide interest in biotechnology due to high stability and easy synthesis. Unfortunately, its catalytic activity is limited by the uniform surface electron distribution, fundamentally affecting the oxidation efficiency of glucose. Here, we synthesized AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles with unique surface electron structure due to the coupling effect of the two metal components, achieving improved glucose catalytic oxidase. Because of the effective work function difference between the two metals in AuPt, the electrons will transfer from Au to accumulate on Pt, simultaneously contributing to the substantial enhancement of Au-induced glucose oxidase and Pt-induced catalase performance. We systematically studied the enzyme-catalytic efficiency of AuPt with varied two metal proportions, in which Au:Pt at 3:1 showed the highest catalytic efficiency of glucose oxidase in solution. The AuPt nanoparticles were further co-cultured with cells and also showed excellent biological activity for glucose oxidase. This work demonstrates that the physicochemical properties between different metals can be exploited for engineering high-performance metal nanoparticle-based nanozymes, which opens up a new way to rationally design and optimize artificial nanozymes to mimic natural enzymes.
Highlights
Natural enzymes as biocatalysts, mediate almost every biological process in living, but their inherent disadvantages such as high cost, easy inactivation, and difficult to recover, largely limit application in biomedical engineering (Wolfenden and Snider, 2001; Pietrzak and Ivanova, 2021)
The lattice spacing in the middle proved the formation of AuPt alloys (He et al, 2017)
The average hydrodynamic diameters of AuPt alloys synthesized with different AuPt ratios by Dynamic light scattering (DLS) test were approximately 10–20 nm and had good dispersibility (Figure 1B) (Zhang et al, 2019b)
Summary
Mediate almost every biological process in living, but their inherent disadvantages such as high cost, easy inactivation, and difficult to recover, largely limit application in biomedical engineering (Wolfenden and Snider, 2001; Pietrzak and Ivanova, 2021). This inspires scientists to explore artificial substitutes for enzymes (Wang et al, 2020). Low catalytic efficiency is still one key issue facing in practical applications (Chen et al, 2021).
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