Abstract
This paper describes the design of an optical see-through head-mounted display (HMD) system for Augmented Reality (AR). Our goals were to make virtual objects perfectly indistinguishable from real objects, wherever the user roams, and to find out to which extent imperfections are hindering applications in art and design. For AR, fast and accurate measuring of head motions is crucial. We made a head-pose tracker for the HMD that uses error-state Kalman filters to fuse data from an inertia tracker with data from a camera that tracks visual markers. This makes on-line head-pose based rendering of dynamic virtual content possible.We measured our system, and found that with an A4-sized marker viewed from > 20° at 5 m distance with an SXGA camera (FOV 108°), the RMS error in the tracker angle was < 0.5° when moving the head slowly. Our Kalman filters suppressed the pose error due to camera delay, which is proportional to the angular and linear velocities, and the dynamic misalignment was comparable to the static misalignment. Applications of artists and designers lead to observations on the profitable use of our AR system. Their exhibitions at world-class museums showed that AR is a powerful tool for disclosing cultural heritage.
Highlights
This paper describes the design of an optical see-through head-mounted system for Augmented Reality (AR) and its quantitative and qualitative performance
In this paper we focus on mobile immersive AR, which implies that a headset is worn in which the real world view is augmented with virtual objects
In this paper we described the design of an optical-seethrough head-mounted system for indoor and outdoor roaming Augmented Reality (AR) and its quantitative and qualitative evaluation
Summary
This paper describes the design of an optical see-through head-mounted system for Augmented Reality (AR) and its quantitative and qualitative performance. In Optical-See-Through AR the real world information and the virtual world information is merged through optical mixing using half-translucent prisms The benefit of this setup is that headsets can be made that are open, as we did in our project. The ultimate goal of our research, which started in 1998, was to design an immersive, wearable light-weight AR system that is able to provide stereoscopic views of virtual objects exactly in overlay with the real world: a visual walkman, equivalent to the audio walkman. The possibilities of immersive AR for applications are plentiful It can be fruitfully used in area development, architecture, interior design, product design, as it may diminish the number of mock-ups and design changes in too late stage of the process. In the remainder of this paper we describe the technical setup of our system (Section 2) and its application in art, design, and cultural heritage projects (Section 3)
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