Abstract
Research on enhancing power system resilience against extreme events is attracting significant attention and becoming a top global agenda. In this paper, a preventive augmented power dispatch model is proposed to provide a resilient operation. In the proposed model, a new N-1-1 security criterion is proposed to select disruptive N-1-1 contingency cases that might trigger cascading blackouts, and an iterative contingency assessment process based on the line outage distribution factor is proposed to deal with security constraints. In terms of optimization objectives, two objectives related to power flow on the transmission line are considered to reduce the possibility of overload outages. Controllable series compensation devices are also considered in the model to improve the power flow distribution. Case studies conducted on the modified IEEE 30-bus, 118-bus and Polish 2382-bus systems show that the power flow solution of the proposed power dispatch model can avoid some branches from undertaking excessively heavy loads, especially lines forecasted to be affected by extreme events. The results of blackout simulations through a hidden failure cascading outage simulation model show that the average power losses of the proposed model are reduced by around 40% in some cases as compared to the classical economic dispatch model.
Highlights
This paper focuses on devices that compensate for the reactance of the line they are installed in [26], such as static synchronous series compensators (SSSC) and thyristor-controlled series capacitors (TCSC)
Since there is a large number of transmission lines in the grid, it is impractical to have a solution that satisfies the security constraints for all N-k contingencies [29]
It can be seen that the proposed model gives a more secure power dispatch solution that is more resilient in extreme events
Summary
Blackouts caused by extreme weather events have been occurring with increasing frequency in the past few decades and have caused considerable economic losses to electric power utilities and society in general [1,2,3]. Research on enhancing power system resilience against these extreme events is attracting significant attention and becoming a top global agenda [4,5]. Resilience is defined as the ability of a power system to withstand extreme events, adapt its operation and structure for preventing or mitigating their impact, and recover quickly after its exposition to such events [6]. Approaches to enhance power system resilience can be summarized into two categories, namely infrastructure hardening measures and operational resilience enhancement strategies [7,8]. Infrastructure hardening measures might be more effective than the operational ones but are less economical and hard to implement [9]. Operational strategies could take advantage of incoming information about extreme events, applying specific actions that are adaptive to the prevailing conditions [10]. This paper focuses on enhancing the operational resilience of a power grid and proposes an augmented power dispatch model to offer a preventive resilient generation dispatch solution for power system operators
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