Augmentation stability and early wound healing outcomes of guided bone regeneration in peri‐implant dehiscence defects with L‐ and I‐shaped soft block bone substitutes: A clinical and radiographic study

Abstract

To retrospectively evaluate whether guided bone regeneration (GBR) with L- and I-shaped demineralized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) differs from GBR with DBBM in terms of augmentation stability and early wound healing outcomes in peri-implant dehiscence defects. A total of 91 peri-implant defects were grafted with 24 L- (GBR-L), 22 I (GBR-I)-shaped DBBM-C, and 45 DBBM (GBR-P). Cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained after surgery and at 5months follow-up. The horizontal thickness (HT0, HT2, HT4), vertical thickness (VT), and VT at 45° angle (45-VT) of the augmented hard tissue were measured. Early postoperative discomfort and wound healing outcomes were assessed 2weeks after surgery, and periotest values were also measured at 5months in all groups. At 5months follow-up, the change at HT0 and VT of the GBR-L (HT0: -0.63±0.55mm, VT: -0.77±0.60mm) and GBR-I (HT0: -0.68±0.53mm, VT: -0.91±0.73mm) groups was significantly more stable than that of the GBR-P (HT0: -1.30±0.77mm, VT: -1.57±0.67mm) group (p<.05). The GBR-L group (-0.74±0.54mm) showed better augmentation stability than the other two groups at the change at 45-VT. Early postoperative discomfort, wound healing outcomes, and periotest values did not differ significantly between the three groups. Within the limitations of this study, L- and I-shaped DBBM-Cs used for GBR were more beneficial in terms of horizontal augmentation stability than DBBM after a 5-month healing period.