Augmentation of spectral efficiency in optical wireless communication networks using grid‐based elephant swarm optimization protocol

Abstract

SummaryThe emergence of 5G and 6G technologies has resulted in a faster, more automated, and more intelligent data flow in the digital world. A wide spectrum of optical wireless communication is made available to support 5G and 6G technologies, and it can meet the demands of high‐speed optical wireless communication. Trade‐offs involving latency, power consumption, deployment costs, and hardware/computational overhead have always been a part of 5G/6G technologies. The decline in the trade‐offs indicated above has major implications for networking capacity. The proposed work modulated a new grid‐based communication protocol (GCP) with elephant swarm optimization (ESO) to surpass those issues with optical wireless communication devices. This protocol employs an integrated strategy to split the network and choose the cluster head effectively. Different GCP‐ESO‐related algorithms have been explored. Various components of the OSNs, including network energy usage, cluster, and non‐cluster header nodes, are also calculated using mathematical analysis. The results have been simulated using MATLAB software. The simulation precisely demonstrates that the proposed GCP‐ESO outperforms the emerging MCH‐EOR and RDSAOA‐EECP methods concerning energy consumption (0.46 J), packet loss ratio (PLR) (0.60%), end‐to‐end latency (11.0 s), packet delivery rate (PDR) (99.41%), routing (0.112), the lifetime of the network (3718 s), and throughput (0.989 Mbps).