從Aufhebung（棄存揚升）到Différance（延異）

Abstract

This article would like to investigate the transformation taking place from Hegel's Aufhebung to Derrida's Differance, passing by Bataille's Transgression. We explain briefly the historical influence of Hegel's thought on contemporary French philosophy. The subsequent transformation, from Hegel to Derrida, shows how Derrida interrupts the operation of Hegel's negative dialectics in his deconstructive philosophy. Firstly, the translation of Aufhebung as releve, illustrates Derrida's understanding of Hegel's texts as a process of exclusion and not of conservation, especially as regards Hegel's semiology. The latter is established by the teleology of presence, which is the source of the hierarchy in Hegelian dialectics. And exactly from the erection of this hierarchy, we find the teleology of presence implying the logocentrism and phonocentrism of Western philosophy. Secondly, in Derrida's appreciation of Georges Bataille, like another form of interruption of Hegel, we observe that the Hegelian dialectical synthesis is replaced by a non-meaning which conserves the dynamic conflict of dualism and leads us to reconsider the limits and boundaries of philosophy. Thus Georges Bataille used other words: 'transgression' and 'sovereignty', etc... to interrupt the Aufhebung submitting to rationality in the master-slave dialectic. Thirdly, the invention of the word 'differance' attempts to crash the superiority of time over space or that of sound over figure in Hegel's dialectics. The 'a' of 'differance' cannot be observed by pronunciation and confused with 'difference' with 'e'. It is precisely that silence, as the boundary of sound, will be integrated into Derrida's philosophical experiment. Moreover, it is impossible to refer 'differance' to any being-present, even to the origin of Being. Through the transgression of orthography, the non-presence of 'differance' is the necessary reflection of presence. The 'differance' makes possible the thinking of difference without origin.