Audiovisual Translation

Abstract

Audiovisual translation (AVT) refers to the transfer from one language to another of the verbal components contained in audiovisual works and products. Because audiovisual materials are meant to be seen and heard simultaneously, their translation is different from translating print. Written works are primarily meant to be read whereas audiovisual works are typically watched and listened to. Audiovisual products are often but not always created with the support of technological apparatus, and their translations are also created and accessed through one or more electronic devices. The main modalities for screen translation of fictional products are dubbing and subtitling. The aim of dubbing is to make the translated dialogue appear as though it is being uttered by the actors. Subtitles are an abbreviated written translation of what can be heard on screen. Fansubbing, considered a forerunner of crowdsourced translation, arose in response to the dissatisfaction of fans with what they considered inadequate dubbing and subtitling of TV series. Fans took on the translation job themselves. Audiovisual translation plays an important role in making audiovisual materials accessible to all.