Abstract
The structure and phase transformation in nanometer(nm)-sized Au-Pb alloy clusters have been studied in situ by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in order to see the difference of phase equilibrium between a bulk material and the corresponding nm-sized cluster. When lead (or gold) atoms are vapor-deposited onto nm-sized gold (or lead) clusters kept at ambient temperature, spontaneous dissolution of the solute atoms into the clusters takes place and homogeneous Au-Pb alloy clusters are formed. The solid solubilities of lead and of gold in the Au-Pb solid solution clusters remarkably increase as compared to those in the corresponding bulk materials. A stable intermetallic compound formed preferentially in Pb-enriched Pb-Au alloy clusters is AuPb2 with a negative heat of formation. The phase transformation from Au-supersaturated Pb-Au solid solution clusters to single crystalline AuPb2 clusters takes place for a short period, and is similar to “martensitic” transformation.
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