Abstract
Effective interaction and accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) within tumour cells is crucial for NP-assisted diagnostic and therapeutic biomedical applications. In this context, the shape and size features of NPs can severely influence the strength of adhesion between NPs and cell and the NPs internalization mechanisms. This study proved the ability of the PT45 and A549 tumor cells to uptake and retain magnetic Au-coated Ni80Fe20 nanodisks (NDs) prepared by means of a bottom-up self-assembling nanolithography technique assisted by polystyrene nanospheres. The chosen geometrical parameters, i.e. diameter (≈ 650 nm) and thickness (≈ 30 nm), give rise to magnetic domain patterns arranged in vortex state at the magnetic remanence. PT45 and A549 cell lines were cultured in presence of different concentrations of Au-coated Ni80Fe20 nanodisks (NDs) and NDs biocompatibility was evaluated by viability and proliferation tests. Electron microscopy techniques and a combined CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering) and TPL (two-photon photoluminescence) microscopy allow to localized and distinguish the NDs within or attached to the tumor cells without any labeling. A quantitative measurement of NDs amount retained within tumor cells as a function of NDs concentrations was performed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) characterization technique.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) offer potential benefits in biomedicine due to their unique chemical and physical properties (Tran and Webster, 2010; Thanh, 2012; Giner-Casares et al, 2016; Cardoso et al, 2018; He et al, 2018; Wagner et al, 2019)
The presence of a vortex state at remanence is of utmost importance to reduce the magneto-static interactions, acting against the inclination that other nanostructure shapes have to agglomerate because of long-ranged dipolar magnetic fields (Ferrero et al, 2019) making the disk shape very promising for different biomedical applications
Cell growth medium containing NDs were discarded, and cells were imaged with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a combined CARS (Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering) and Two-photon luminescence (TPL) microscopy to check the cellular uptake and localization of NDs (Scheme 1, action 1)
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) offer potential benefits in biomedicine due to their unique chemical and physical properties (Tran and Webster, 2010; Thanh, 2012; Giner-Casares et al, 2016; Cardoso et al, 2018; He et al, 2018; Wagner et al, 2019) As a result, they are used in many biological and biomedical applications including drug delivery (Bonini et al, 2013; Toy and Roy, 2016; ElBoubbou, 2018; Liyanage et al, 2019; Xu et al, 2020), heat-assisted treatments, and medical imaging (Huang et al, 2011; Dutz and Hergt, 2014; Blanco-Andujar et al, 2016; Noukeu et al, 2018; Fratila et al, 2019; Paris et al, 2020). The internalization is made more difficult when a concave or flat NP region approaches the cell membrane, whereas it is favored if the initial contact takes place with a convex, dome, or ring NP region
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