Abstract
Introduction: Biomarkers play a crucial role in the early identification of diseases and the assessment of treatment response. This study aims to explore the efficacy of different biomarkers in predicting and monitoring chronic diseases, with a focus on cardiovascular and oncological conditions. Methodology: A systematic review of studies published between 2010 and 2023 was conducted, analyzing the validity and applicability of specific biomarkers such as troponin, BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide), and CA-125. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Jadad scale and the Newcastle-Ottawa method. Results: The analyzed biomarkers showed high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. Troponin was particularly effective in detecting myocardial infarction, while BNP performed well in assessing heart failure. CA-125 was useful for monitoring ovarian cancer progression but had limitations in early detection. Discussion: The analysis indicates that biomarkers can provide valuable information for managing chronic diseases, improving diagnosis and treatment follow-up. However, the accuracy of biomarkers may be affected by variables such as comorbidities and individual patient characteristics. Further studies are needed to validate and refine the use of these biomarkers in different clinical contexts. Conclusion: Biomarkers are promising tools for the detection and monitoring of chronic diseases, with the potential to transform clinical practice. The implementation of biomarkers should be accompanied by further studies to ensure their efficacy and accuracy in various clinical scenarios.
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