Abstract
Background: HIV remains a significant health problem in South Africa (SA). The development of a preventive vaccine offers promise as a means of addressing the epidemic, yet development of the human resource capacity to facilitate such research in SA is not being sustained. The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) has responded by establishing South African/HVTN AIDS Early Stage Investigator Programme (SHAPe), a programme to identify, train and retain clinician scientists in HIV vaccine research in SA. Objectives: The present study sought to identify factors influencing the attraction and retention of South African medical doctors in HIV vaccine research; to understand the support needed to ensure their success; and to inform further development of clinician research programmes, including SHAPe. Methods: Individual interviews and focus groups were held and audio-recorded with 18 senior and junior research investigators, and medical doctors not involved in research. Recordings were transcribed, and data were coded and analysed. Results: Findings highlighted the need for: (1) medical training programmes to include a greater focus on fostering interest and developing research skills, (2) a more clearly defined career pathway for individuals interested in clinical research, (3) an increase in programmes that coordinate and fund research, training and mentorship opportunities and (4) access to academic resources such as courses and libraries. Unstable funding sources and inadequate local funding support were identified as barriers to promoting HIV research careers. Conclusion: Expanding programmes that provide young investigators with funded research opportunities, mentoring, targeted training and professional development may help to build and sustain SA’s next generation of HIV vaccine and prevention scientists.
Highlights
South Africa (SA) has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates globally.[1]
Several large-scale HIV vaccine, and other prevention, trials will begin in SA in 2016.3,4 These trials will utilise the strengths of South African investigative teams, requiring a wide breadth of research capacity
The following themes were identified for each research objective and were endorsed by participants from all groups (JI, senior investigators (SI), medical doctors (MD)) unless otherwise stated
Summary
Several large-scale HIV vaccine, and other prevention, trials will begin in SA in 2016.3,4 These trials will utilise the strengths of South African investigative teams, requiring a wide breadth of research capacity. Whilst senior-level South African HIV vaccine researchers have developed enormous expertise, the number of junior clinician investigators entering the field has lagged. Since the early 1990s, SA has seen a decrease in the number of clinical researchers and an ageing of publishing scientists.[5,6] A concerted effort is required to increase the number of young medical doctors entering the HIV prevention and vaccine field to ensure the country’s ongoing contribution to this critical effort. The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) has responded by establishing South African/HVTN AIDS Early Stage Investigator Programme (SHAPe), a programme to identify, train and retain clinician scientists in HIV vaccine research in SA
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