Abstract
Fundamental biases in V-slit sun and pencil-beam infrared Earth sensor measurements are identified and modeled in terms of representative covariances. Their effects on attitude determination accuracy are assessed by means of covariance transformations following the calculations involved in a realistic attitude estimation process. The results are useful in identifying the best attitude determination intervals and for providing quantitative estimates of the expected error for selected launch configurations. On this basis the most favorable sensor settings can be selected for a given launch window. This is of particular interest for present-day communication satellites equipped with variable sensor mountings which can be adjusted before launch.
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