Attenuation of premature estrous behavior in postpartum beef cows synchronized to estrus using GnRH and PGF 2α

Abstract

The efficacy of GnRH and PGF 2α (7-day injection interval) for estrus synchronization is diminished by estrous expression before PGF 2α (premature estrus; PE). Effects of modifications to GnRH-PGF 2α protocols on the incidence of PE and other indicators of reproductive performance were evaluated. In Experiment 1, Angus-based crossbred cows (n=51) received 25 mg of PGF 2α im on Day 0. Animals were randomly assigned by parity and interval postpartum to receive GnRH 100 μg im on either Day −7 or Day −6. Estrous detection and AI were conducted from Day −3 to Day 5. Treatment had no effect on the incidence of PE, estrous response, conception rate per AI or synchronized pregnancy rate (6- vs. 7-day interval; 8 vs. 15%; 92 vs. 93%; 77 vs. 76%; 71 vs. 70%, respectively). In Experiment 2, Angus cows (n = 150) received GnRH 100 μg im on Day −7 and 25 mg PGF 2α im on Day 0. Animals were randomly assigned by parity, interval postpartum, and body condition score to receive either no further treatment (Control) or 0.5 mg melengestrol acetate/hd/d from Day −7 to Day −1 (MGA). Estrous detection and AI were conducted from Day −2 to Day 7. Fewer (P < 0.05) MGA-treated cows were detected in PE (0%) compared to controls (7%). Treatment had no effect on estrous response or synchronized pregnancy rates (Control vs. MGA; 78 vs. 84%; 52 vs. 60%, respectively). Conception rate per AI of cows ≥60 days postpartum were not affected by treatment (Control vs. MGA; 79 vs. 73%) however, control cows <60 days postpartum tended (P < 0.10) to have lower conception rates per AI (39%) than did their MGA-treated counterparts (69%). In summary, 6- and 7-day GnRH-PGF 2α injection intervals resulted in similar synchronized reproductive performance. Inclusion of MGA feeding between GnRH and PGF 2α injections eliminated the occurrence of premature estrus and improved conception rate per AI of late-calving cows.