Abstract
A study is made of the attenuation of acoustic waves by a suspension of fluid droplets in a fluid medium. Special attention is given to the case of small droplets for which the effect of the surface tension is not negligible. Both the droplets and the surrounding fluid medium are considered to be viscous and thermal conducting. The droplets are allowed to execute large translational motion and to undergo a small deformation from a spherical shape. It is shown that the result of Epstein and Carhart on the attenuation of sound waves in air with the suspension of water droplets is applicable even when the displacement of the droplets is large as compared to its radius. The effect of surface tension is to increase sound attenuation in a two-phase medium by increasing the thermal dissipation. This effect is important in the suspension of gaseous bubbles in a liquid for small droplets and is negligible in the case of a gaseous medium containing liquid droplets. The explicit forms for the attenuation, the droplet displacement, the drag force on the droplet, and the heat-transfer rate between phases are given for the case that is applicable to a gas containing the liquid and solid droplets. The expression for the attenuation that is applicable to the suspension of gaseous bubbles in a liquid is also given and is found to be completely dominated by the thermal dissipation.
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