Attenuation Compensation and Q Estimation of Nonstationary Data Using Semi-Supervised Learning

Abstract

Traditional inverse Q filtering methods for post-stack seismic data attenuation compensation (AC) have the drawback of instability or under-compensation. Besides, the quality factor (Q) should be known as a prerequisite, which is commonly estimated using the attribute difference between the reference and observed wavelets of pre-stack VSP data. The alternating iterative AC and Q estimation method is also researched for post-stack data, while the instability or huge computation becomes a defect. In this letter, we propose a simultaneous AC and Q estimation method for nonstationary post-stack seismic data based on semi-supervised learning. Specifically, we choose the Long Short-Term Memory algorithm which is sensitive to time series and can characterize seismic signal nonlinearly with high accuracy. The proposed AC and Q estimation method employs the Q information from well-logs and the compensated high-resolution data for supervised learning, and uses nonstationary seismic data beyond wells for self-supervised learning, without the wavelet extraction procedure. The synthetic data analysis and field data applications prove the feasibility of the designed semi-supervised method in improving the vertical resolution and Q estimation. The field data impedance inversion after AC further demonstrates its effectiveness.