Attention to components or compounds as a factor in discrimination transfer performance

Abstract

Prior to being tested with standard reversal or extradimensional (ED) shift procedures, two groups of mentally retarded subjects (MA: 4 to years) were pretrained using two different methods. The Component group received two problems which could be solved easily only by attending to the form components. The Compound group was trained on two problems requiring attention to compound color-form cues. It was assumed that the two solution modes would carry over to the third problem, which was for both groups a standard form discrimination with color variable and irrelevant within settings. The fourth problem was either an ED shift or a reversal. The Component group learned reversal faster than ED shift whereas the opposite was true for the Compound group. Subproblem analyses of ED shift performance showed dependent settings for the Component group and independent settings for the Compound group. Results are consistent with the view that compound and component solutions of discriminative problems are achieved by attention to the abstract dimensions of compounds or components and that attention to either of these dimensions can be trained at higher or lower developmental levels even though the salience of the compound dimension may be initially greater for lower level subjects.