Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep Problems

Abstract

There has been a growing interest in sleep problems associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this paper, we reviewed the current literature on the underlying sleep problems associated with ADHD. Sleep problems are very common in children with ADHD. Patients with ADHD may have sleep difficulties including difficulty falling asleep, frequent night awakening, increased tiredness upon waking. Children with ADHD are associated to restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement and sleep-disordered breathing. Screening for other psychiatric comorbidities and the side effects of medications, such as psychostimulants, is also necessary when considering sleep problems in ADHD. Sleep problems can cause a negative impact on the quality of life and emotional well-being both of children with ADHD and their parents. Many evidences suggest that assessment of sleep difficulties should be included in evaluating the patient of ADHD.