Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschool Period

Elif Yalçıntas Sezgin,Leyla Ulus

doi:10.13189/sa.2017.051007

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which cause deterioration in functionality, is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood today. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), according to DSM-V, is defined with attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity concepts (14). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has 3 main subtypes; the character dominated by lack of attention, the character dominated by hyperactivity-impulsive and related 3 more types. It is one of the most seen problems in early childhood and childhood periods. Pre-school children with Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), difficulties are experienced in diagnostics and education in Turkey. The aim of this study in this context is to discuss the causes, prevalence, treatment and the other related disorders of the character dominated by lack of attention (ADD) in Turkey. Writing was held on the basis of the study is only Attention Deficit Disorder. The conclusion has discussions, personal ideas and some advices.

Highlights

There has been a great scientific and social interest in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [12].Attention-deficit disorder is one of the three sub-types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood which leads to a prominent deterioration in the life quality of a patient and the family
In the first meta-analysis which showed structural abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was found that the maximum volumetric reduction was observed in the most posterior inferior cerebellar vermis, corpus callosum splenial, right caudate nucleus, total brain and right cerebral hemisphere of children with ADHD compared to controls [26]
The disorder should be diagnosed in an early period and it should be efficiently treated on time. In case it is noticed in early childhood years, providing efficient education and opportunities will minimize this disadvantage during the developmental period of children

Summary

Introduction

There has been a great scientific and social interest in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [12].Attention-deficit disorder is one of the three sub-types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood which leads to a prominent deterioration in the life quality of a patient and the family. Severe distractibility can lead to problems such as delaying the work, having difficulties in getting organized, avoiding the long-term tasks which require mental effort, inability to pay attention to details, losing belongings, inability to complete the tasks and severe forgetfulness while performing daily tasks. Characteristics of the predominantly inattentive type of the disease were determined in the diagnoses criteria DSM-V [3] and these are specified as follows: a) The child mostly does not pay attention to details or classes at school, and frequently and carelessly makes mistakes during activities at school (for instance; ignoring or skipping details or doing a wrong job). D) The child does not follow directions, and cannot complete the ordinary tasks and responsibilities during the daily life and at school (for instance; the child starts the job, but he/she quickly loses the focus and he/she is distracted). Is often forgetful in daily activities (e.g., doing chores, running errands; for older adolescents and adults, returning calls, paying bills, keeping appointments)

Hyperactivity and impulsivity

Causes of Attention Deficit Disorder

Attention Deficit Disorder and Preschool Period

Follow-up and self-regulation action

Prevalence and Treatment

Conclusions