Atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients: Prevalence in daily practice and effect on the severity of symptoms. Data from the ALPHA study registry

Abstract

Estimates of the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart failure (HF) originate from patients enrolled in clinical trials. To assess the prevalence and clinical correlates of AF among HF patients in everyday clinical practice from HF patients screened for the T-wave ALternans in Patients with Heart fAilure (ALPHA) study; to investigate the correlation between AF and functional status. Consecutive patients (N=3513) seen at nine Heart Failure Clinics were studied; 21.4% were in AF. AF prevalence was greater with increasing age (OR 1.04/year, p<0.001) in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (OR 2.34, p<0.001) and with increasing NYHA class (p<0.0001). Multiple logistic regression predictors of AF were age >70 years (OR 2.35), NYHA class II III or IV vs class I (OR 1.8, 4.4 and 3.1) and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (OR 3.2). A logistic model indicated that AF was associated with a 2.5 OR of being in NYHA class III-IV vs I-II while accounting for age, gender, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and aetiology of HF. The prevalence of AF in HF patients exceeds 20%, and increases with age and functional class. The presence of AF leads to a more severe NYHA class, indicating that AF contributes to the severity of heart failure.