Abstract
Atrazine displacement was studied in a soil profile as a function of water movement and time after herbicide application, taking into account possible influence of preferential flow on leaching. The experiment consisted of two 7 x 7m plots of a dark red latosol (Kanduidalfic Eutrudox), located at Piracicaba, SP, Brazil (22º 43'S and 47º 25'W), 250km inside continent, at an altitude of 580m. One plot was previously treated with 1,000 kg/ha of lime, in order to increase base saturation to 88%, and 500kg/ha of gypsum. Each plot was instrumented with tensiometers, neutron probe access tubes and soil solution extractors, in order to monitor water and atrazine flows. Atrazine was applied at the high rate of 6 kg/ha of active principle. Results showed intensive leaching of atrazine in the whole soil profile, up to the instrumented depth of 150cm, already ate the first sampling, seven days after herbicide application. The limed plot showed much higher atrazine leaching losses than the other plot. The atrazine adsorption capacity of the soil is very low, its maximum value being of the order of 10%, for the 0-15cm surface layer.
Highlights
In modem agriculture, mainly under intensive land use conditions, manual and animal labors were almost totally replaced by machines and the use of agrochemicals to control pests, diseases and weeds
According to Green & Obien (1969), in the case of soils of low adsorption capacity, changes in soil water content alter significantly the herbicide concentration in soil solution, Bacci et al (1989) observed for a given soil profile, that 130 days after the application of 2 kg/ha of atrazine, the chemical was found in all soil layers, down to the 3.2 m depth
This paper has the aim of studying atrazine displacement in a soil profile, as a function of soil water movement, after herbicide application, and the possible influence of preferential flow on herbicide leaching losses
Summary
Mainly under intensive land use conditions, manual and animal labors were almost totally replaced by machines and the use of agrochemicals to control pests, diseases and weeds. RESUMO: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o deslocamento de atrazina no perfil do solo, em função do movimento da água e do tempo de aplicação, e possíveis influências de fluxos preferenciais sobre a lixiviação.
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