Atraumatic gluteal compartment syndrome—an unusual presentation of a rare syndrome

Abstract

Atraumatic gluteal compartment syndrome is a limb- and potentially life-threatening emergency. It is rare, with few reported cases, and can be difficult to diagnosis; a high index of suspicion is required for prompt diagnosis and management. This paper presents the case of a 36-year-old female who was brought into the emergency department following a prolonged period of unconsciousness. She had a delayed diagnosis of gluteal compartment syndrome associated with sciatic nerve palsy and underwent surgical decompression. Following surgery, the patient's symptoms resolved completely. This case highlights that in cases of delayed diagnosis, surgical decompression can still address patient morbidity and improve outcomes.