Abstract
A higher saturation magnetization obtained by an increased iron content is essential for yielding larger energy products in rare-earth Sm2Co17-type pinning-controlled permanent magnets. These are of importance for high-temperature industrial applications due to their intrinsic corrosion resistance and temperature stability. Here we present model magnets with an increased iron content based on a unique nanostructure and -chemical modification route using Fe, Cu, and Zr as dopants. The iron content controls the formation of a diamond-shaped cellular structure that dominates the density and strength of the domain wall pinning sites and thus the coercivity. Using ultra-high-resolution experimental and theoretical methods, we revealed the atomic structure of the single phases present and established a direct correlation to the macroscopic magnetic properties. With further development, this knowledge can be applied to produce samarium cobalt permanent magnets with improved magnetic performance.
Highlights
A higher saturation magnetization obtained by an increased iron content is essential for yielding larger energy products in rare-earth Sm2Co17-type pinning-controlled permanent magnets
A detailed energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) of the single phases is presented in Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1
The different zone-axis orientation makes no difference to the visibility of the 1:5 cellular structure in the two-beam condition obtained bright-field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images
Summary
A higher saturation magnetization obtained by an increased iron content is essential for yielding larger energy products in rare-earth Sm2Co17-type pinning-controlled permanent magnets. These are of importance for high-temperature industrial applications due to their intrinsic corrosion resistance and temperature stability. We present a detailed investigation on the atomic scale of the Z-phase and its contribution to the domain wall-pinning behavior We demonstrate that it is much favorable from an energetic point of view to move a short section of the domain wall at these weak points from the 2:17 or Z-phase into the 1:5 phase than to press a long section of it into the plane interface. In order to clarify the atomic structure of the Z-phase and its contribution to the magnetization process, we investigated in detail the microstructure by combined atomicstructure investigations, microstructure-based micromagnetic simulations and density functional theory calculations
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