Abstract
Catalyst–support interactions are known to be of great importance for the performance of supported oxide catalysts such as supported vanadia. With the aim of enhancing the oxide–support interactions, we propose a strategy for the controlled synthesis of embedded oxide catalysts using atomic layer deposition (ALD). As demonstrated for vanadia (VOx), the synthesis is based on the sequential deposition of VOx and the “support” material (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2) onto graphene oxide, which serves as a sacrificial carrier matrix facilitating the embedding of VOx, followed by template removal by calcination or ozone treatment. Detailed characterization of the synthesis process and the final catalysts is carried out using multiple spectroscopic (Raman, UV–vis, XPS), thermogravimetric, and electron-microscopic (TEM, EELS) analyses. The successful formation of a VOx–support interphase is confirmed by UV Raman spectroscopy. Despite the high loadings (LV > monolayer coverage) of accessible sites, the embedded VOx is presen...
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