Abstract
Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (CN x) of a high nitrogen concentration were synthesized directly on carbon paper as the skeleton of a 3D composite electrode. Ultra-fine SnO 2 nanoparticles about 1.5 nm were deposited on CN x with atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. Pt nanoparticles from 1.5 to 4 nm were deposited on CN x/carbon paper and SnO 2/CN x/carbon paper with ethylene glycol reduction method. Three dimensional Pt/CN x/carbon paper and Pt-SnO 2/CN x/carbon paper composite electrodes were obtained, respectively. They were characterized over oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) for low temperature fuel cells. With similar sizes of Pt nanoparticles, the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of Pt-SnO 2/CN x/carbon paper is larger than that of Pt/CN x/carbon paper. Pre-deposited SnO 2 nanoparticles promote the electrocatalytic activity of Pt toward ORR, carbon monoxide (CO) stripping and MOR. The underlying mechanisms for the enhanced activities are discussed.
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