Abstract
An atom transfer radical dispersion polymerization of styrene in ethanol was successfully carried out with the formation of uniform sized particles. This was accomplished by using a “two-stage” polymerization technique, in which the first stage involves a standard free radical polymerization and the second a controlled/living radical polymerization. The required nucleation stage was completed in a relatively short period, and therefore particles with uniform size were achieved. The particles contained polymers with molecular weight ∼20 000 g/mol and relatively low polydispersity (Mw/Mn = 1.4−1.8, compared with Mw/Mn = 4−5 from conventional dispersion polymerization), indicating a high fraction of retained chain-end functionality which can be readily employed for further modification of the particles. Monodisperse cross-linked polystyrene particles were also synthesized using the same technique; these particles were successfully chain-extended with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, thereby modifying the surface...
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