Atom position measurement in a four-level Lambda-shaped scheme with twofold lower-levels

Abstract

The two-dimensional position dependent probe absorption spectrum of a driven four-level Λ-type atomic system with twofold lower-levels interacting with two orthogonal standing wave laser fields and one microwave field is investigated. It is found that due to the position dependent nature of atom–field interaction, the spatial distribution of the atom can be controlled by scanning the resulting absorption spectra of the weak probe field. The effect of different controlling parameters of the system such as detunings, the intensity of standing wave fields as well as the relative phase of applied fields on the position measurement uncertainty of the atom is then discussed. We show that by properly adjusting the system parameters, different spatial structures of localization as ‘∞’-like, spot-like, deltoid-like and elliptic like patterns can be designed, so that high-precision and high-resolution atom localization can be engineered.