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Abstract
Organotin (OTC), organolead (OLC) and organomercury(OMC) compounds are highlytoxic and exhibit a potential negative effect on terrestrial ecosystems. Individual ionic OTC, OLC and OMC compounds were identified and their concentrations determined in the gas phase, aerosol particles, and bulk precipitation at a rural (Waldstein) and an urban (Bayreuth city) site in NE-Bavaria. At both sites, butyltins, methyltins, octyltins, trimethyllead and monomethylmercury concentrations in the gas phase were o100 pg m � 3 (determined as corresponding Sn, Pb and Hg concentrations, respectively) with the dominance of tri- and di-substituted OTC and octyltins. The same species were found in bulk precipitation with concentrations o25 ng l � 1 (Sn, Pb, Hg) with the dominance of mono-substituted OTC. In aerosols, only butyltins, dimethyltin and monomethyltin (o500 pg Sn m � 3 ) were found and mono-substituted OTC predominated. No significant difference of concentrations of organometallic compounds in the atmosphere at the two sites was found. For OTC, the washout factors was in the order: mono-Xdi-4tri-substituted OTC, and the gas/ particle partition coefficients were mono-bdi-btri-substituted OTC. The distribution spectrum of OTC in aerosols showed the strong linkage of OTC to the long-lived particles and high accumulation of OTC in the filter at the Waldstein site. The results indicate that long-range-transport of organometallic compounds in the atmosphere is an important source at our both sites. Aerosol particles mayserve as a sink in the chemical cy cles of OTC in the atmosphere, especially for monomethyltin and monobutyltin. r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published Version
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