Abstract
The toxicity of atmospheric-pressure pulsed plasma on plant leaf tissues is studied. A nanosecond-pulsed plasma jet is applied to Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. In case of cotyledon, cell death is induced by treatment of only a few seconds. Cell death is also induced in the adult leaf by only 5 seconds of plasma treatment. Plasma induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation across the tissues within plasma-treated area. Plasma also induced direct physical damage to epidermis tissue of treated area but merely no damage to mesophyll. Thus, we propose direct physical damage in epidermis and ROS accumulation across the treated area induced cell death by plasma treatment. Plasma treatment with same duration in different organ also induced ROS accumulation but not plant death, suggests damage on photosynthetic organ by oxidative stress might be direct reason to induce cell death. We could also observe similar plasma induced death in Solanum esculentum, Petunia axillaris, and Nicotiana benthamiana but death is induced only in treated area. Thus, we propose atmospheric plasma induce oxidative stress in photosynthetic organ to induce cell death in plants.
Highlights
Plasma treatment of plant material focuses on germination acceleration, disease resistance, and petal effects
Atmospheric plasma treated in photosynthetic organ induced cell death with chloroplasts damage, suggesting oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by plasma induced plant death
When we measure chlorophyll concentration, plasma treatment resulted in decreased chlorophyll concentration per fresh weight by plasma treatment dose-dependent manner (Fig. 2c)
Summary
Plasma treatment of plant material focuses on germination acceleration, disease resistance, and petal effects ( known as Lotus effect). Plasma treated seeds of Solanum lycopersicum showed increased germination rate and increased resistance to disease[18]. Phaseolus vulgaris treated by plasma in whole seeds showed increased germination rate, but when plasma was applied to the cotyledon tissue of the embryo of Ph. vulgaris, the petal effect diminished[22]. Previous studies on biological systems claimed that plasma treatment induced DNA damage and ROS production intracellular-manner. Photosynthetic organs like cotyledons and adult leaves generated ROS in response to plasma exposure even for a very short time. Atmospheric plasma treated in photosynthetic organ induced cell death with chloroplasts damage, suggesting oxidative stress induced by ROS generated by plasma induced plant death
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