Abstract
The purification of diesel exhaust gas is of great importance to prevent the atmospheric emission of major pollutants such as diesel particulate matter and nitrogen oxides and meet the environmental regulations. The atmospheric-pressure plasma is attracting increasing interest and is a promising after-treatment technology for purifying diesel emission at low temperatures. However, when compared with the numerous publications on nitrogen oxides reduction by non-thermal plasma, using non-thermal plasma to particulate matter treatment have relatively limited. This work provides a comprehensive review of the plasma applications for diesel particulate matter treatment, including self-regenerating diesel particulate filter, diesel particulate matter removal, and simultaneous removal of diesel particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The treatment of particulate matter from both simulated particulate matter sources and actual diesel engines also discussed in this comprehensive review. The challenge to this technology is limited energy consumption for plasma, which should be less than 5% (~30 J/L) of the overall fuel consumption. Until now, the atmospheric-pressure plasma has been no commercial implementation in diesel exhaust gas treatment, so more research is needed to be done in this field.
Highlights
Environmental impacts are the primary concern of diesel exhaust gas (DEG) that contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment as well as human health
Different from the atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with a narrow gap of a few mm, the corona discharge is generated well even when the electrode spacing is wide, depending on the magnitude of voltage, which suggests that it is more suitable for large-scale applications
The results indicated that particulate matter (PM) was removed by both active species of oxygen and nitrogen produced by the plasma
Summary
Environmental impacts are the primary concern of diesel exhaust gas (DEG) that contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment as well as human health. The SF is oxidized to form primarily SO2 and partially sulfate, while nitrate fractions are mainly nitric acid (HNO3 ) form These compounds are present in DPM due to the adsorption of PACs and other compounds on carbon particle surfaces. Nonthermal plasma, atmospheric pressure plasma, has been recognized as a promising low-temperature technology for DEG treatment with outstanding benefits [21,22,23]. In this regard, active research for practical implementations of this technology is urgently needed to meet stringent diesel engine emission standards ever. The fundamentals of DPM treatment are described with respect to conventional technologies and nonthermal plasma (atmospheric-pressure plasma). The generation of atmospheric-pressure plasma in a commercial plasma applications is difficult due to its size and physical structure
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