Abstract
In this work, the potential of a microwave (MW)-induced atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in film deposition of styrene and methyl methacrylate (MMA) precursors is investigated. Plasma properties during the deposition and resultant coating characteristics are studied. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) results indicate a higher degree of monomer dissociation in the APPJ with increasing power and a carrier gas flow rate of up to 250 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm). Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations demonstrate non-uniform monomer distribution near the substrate and the dependency of the deposition area on the monomer-containing gas flow rate. A non-homogeneous surface morphology and topography of the deposited coatings is also observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and SEM. Coating chemical analysis and wettability are studied by XPS and water contact angle (WCA), respectively. A lower monomer flow rate was found to result in a higher C–O/C–C ratio and a higher wettability of the deposited coatings.
Highlights
Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma deposition as an advantageous coating technique has been a continually growing research field for over a few decades [1,2,3]
Using Optical emission spectroscopy (OES), a MW plasma jet was characterized in terms of excited species
The results demonstrated that a higher amount of reactive species was present in the plasma containing methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the monomer compared to the plasma jet containing styrene
Summary
Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma deposition as an advantageous coating technique has been a continually growing research field for over a few decades [1,2,3] This method has already been frequently used to deposit a wide range of convenient thin films that were previously fabricated by various other methods such as chemical synthesis, electrochemical polymerization, and low pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) [4,5,6]. When using the latter methods, controlling the deposition rate, optimizing the structure and adhesion of the produced polymers, reducing the energy consumption, and the enormous cost of vacuum techniques were remaining concerns. Among atmospheric pressure plasma sources suitable for coating deposition, atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) have gained recognition due to their straightforward design and operation together with their ability to effectively coat 3D complex substrates and their capacity to produce a localized deposition [7,8,9,10,11].
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