Abstract
Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) is a powerful tool used in monitoring structures, such as bridges and dams. However, despite the extremely short range of GBSAR interferometry, the atmosphere effects cannot be neglected. The permanent scatterer technique is an effective operational tool that utilizes a long series of SAR data and detects information with high accuracy. An algorithm based on the permanent scatterer technique is developed in accordance with the phase model used in GBSAR interferometry. In this study, atmospheric correction is carried out on a real campaign (Geheyan Dam, China). The atmosphere effects created using this method, which utilizes SAR data, can be reduced effectively compared to when plumb line data are used.
Highlights
Ground-based interferometry, with its two-dimensional imaging capability and ranging accuracy in millimeter, is increasingly recognized as an effective tool for monitoring structures, landslides, glaciers, and settlements
A number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) for remote monitoring of terrain slopes as an early warning system to assess the risk of rapid landslides and for retrieving the digital elevation model of illuminated terrains
Whereas large-scale scenario can be acquired quickly through satellite Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), ground-based observations appear to be more suitable for mapping localized terrain deformation
Summary
Ground-based interferometry, with its two-dimensional imaging capability and ranging accuracy in millimeter, is increasingly recognized as an effective tool for monitoring structures, landslides, glaciers, and settlements. The phase is very important for SAR interferometry, and similar to satellite survey, GBSAR has three contributions to phase measurement including (1) phase derived by the distance between targets and radar; (2) phase due to atmospheric effects; and (3) phase caused by noise. This instrument has the following advantages in terms of accomplishing remote measurement as compared with the traditional tools (Wiley 1954): This monitoring system consists of three main parts (Fig. 3) (1) radar sensor that includes two horn antennas for transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves, which is the most important component for this instrument; (2) a power supply, which can provide stable electricity and safety for the equipment; and (3) a 2-m long linear rail, which is critical for realizing the synthetic aperture.
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