Abstract
The North Atlantic Oscillation, Quasi Biennial Oscillation, their negative and positive phases are discussed in presented article An El Niño event is a prolonged period of abnormally high sea-surface temperatures (SST) in the tropical Pacific Ocean. It goes hand in hand with changes in atmospheric conditions and can have strong repercussions on global weather patterns. El Niño can also significantly affect the global average temperature The ECMWF seasonal forecast system has been operational for more than five years and will soon be replaced by an upgraded system SEAS5.
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