Abstract

The Insertable B-Layer (IBL) is the inner most pixel layer in the ATLAS experiment, which was installed at 3.3 cm radius from the beam axis in 2014 to improve the tracking performance. To cope with the high radiation and hit occupancy due to proximity to the interaction point, a new read-out chip and two different silicon sensor technologies (planar and 3D) have been developed for the IBL. After the long shut-down period over 2013 and 2014, the ATLAS experiment started data-taking in May 2015 for Run-2 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The IBL has been operated successfully since the beginning of Run-2 and shows excellent performance with the low dead module fraction, high data-taking efficiency and improved tracking capability. The experience and challenges in the operation of the IBL is described as well as its performance.

Highlights

  • The Pixel Detector used in Run-1 is designed to work at the instantaneous luminosity of 1 ×cm−2 s−1

  • After the long shut-down period over 2013 and 2014, the ATLAS experiment started data-taking in May 2015 for Run-2 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

  • After the long shut-down period over 2013 and 2014 (LS1), the ATLAS experiment started data-taking in May 2015 for Run-2 of the LHC

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Summary

Introduction

The Pixel Detector used in Run-1 is designed to work at the instantaneous luminosity of 1 ×. To cope with the increase during Run-2, a new pixel sensor layer, IBL [1], was installed as the inner most layer in 2014. This was the first upgrade project in the ATLAS detector [2]. The slimedge of 200 μ m with long pixels under the guard-ring is adopted to minimize inactive region. The sensors were designed to work at a fluence of up to 5 × 1015 1 MeV neq , which is the expected fluence by the end of LHC Phase-1 operation around 2022. B-Layer, an insertion clearance of less than 0.1 mm was available

Performance of IBL in ATLAS Run-2 operation
Detector stability in data-taking
Position resolution and hit efficiency
Challenges in IBL operation
Wire bond oscillation
Mechanical distortion of IBL staves
Effect of total ionizing dose on FE-I4B
Findings
Summary and conclusions

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